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In this really weak spot, it's exposing satellites and astronauts for more solar radiation. This is according to measurements from three orbiting observatories, encompassing over a decade of study. The Earth has a weakening magnetic field over the South Atlantic Ocean, known as the South Atlantic Anomaly, or SAA. It's grown by an area half that of the continental Europe since 2014. Additional data shows that a region over Canada, where the magnetic field is very strong, has shrunk one area over Siberia, has grown. Earth's magnetic field, its partiomagnetic field, is widely believed to be produced by a dynamo effect generated by the rotating core of molten iron about 2,900 kilometers or 1,000-meter miles below our planet's surface. And this rotation effect continually changes the strength of the field, and scientists are still figuring out how this works.